Which word refers to a form of punishment in Latin?

The term "supplicium" in Latin specifically refers to punishment, often of a severe or capital nature. It encompasses various forms of retribution or penalty for wrongdoing, making it a direct representation of the concept of punishment in Roman law and society. The root of the word suggests a connection to the act of supplication or seeking mercy, reflecting the solemnity surrounding the imposition of a penalty.

The other words provided have different meanings. "Consultum" pertains to a decree or decision made by a council or assembly, rather than punishment. "Auctoritas" refers to authority or influence, often in the context of reputational stature or moral standing. "Clemens" describes someone who is merciful or gentle, conveying a sense of leniency rather than punishment. Therefore, "supplicium" stands out as the specific term for a form of punishment in Latin.